With a single board, one group presenting or writing effectively pauses the others, since attention and access both concentrate on the same spot. A full wall removes that bottleneck, letting several groups develop ideas simultaneously rather than sequentially.
Teachers who have taught both setups often describe the difference as the lesson feeling less like a queue and more like several conversations happening in parallel, which is closer to how group work is meant to function.
This is also one of the easiest changes for a visiting observer to spot, since a room where every group has active wall space looks and sounds noticeably different from one where a single board sits mostly idle between turns.
A concrete example: in a 30-student geography class split into six groups of five, a single board means five groups are effectively idle while one presents, roughly 15 minutes of the average lesson lost to waiting. Spread across a term of three lessons a week, that idle time adds up to a genuinely significant share of total group-work time reclaimed once every group has its own zone.